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چکیده
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Medicinal leeches have garnered significant attention due to their widespread use in both traditional and modern medicine. One of the crucial aspects of leech biology is their cocoon structure, which plays a fundamental role in protecting the eggs and ensuring the species survival. In this study, the cocoon structure of the Hirudo orientalis species was examined. The cocoon formation and its microscopic structure were analyzed using light and Scanning Electron Microscopes. The proteins present in the spongy structure of the cocoon were extracted and identified using biochemical methods, including SDS-PAGE. The results revealed that the cocoon contains enzymes such as Hirustasin, Hirudin, LCI, Bdellins, and Eglin, each with specific biological function. Additionally, electron microscopy studies demonstrated that the cocoon possesses a unique structure, contributing to its stability and strength. Given the protective role of cocoons for eggs and embryos in the environment outside of water until emergence of juveniles, these features are essential. This study reveals that leech cocoons are characterized by their unique protein composition and microscopic structure, which hold potential for medical and biotechnological applications. The findings lay a foundation for future research into the therapeutic and industrial application of medicinal leech cocoons.
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