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چکیده
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Background and aim: Diabetic wounds are a type of chronic wound characterized by their persistence and incurability. Recently, the self- regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has led to their use in wound healing through differentiation and immunomodulation. This review summarizes recent advances in stem cell-based treatments of diabetic wounds. Methods: A majority of finding were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases. The therapeutic mechanisms, including direct cell differentiation, paracrine signaling, and use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs were analyzed. Additionally, we assess the efficacy of various delivery methods, such as injection, bio-carriers, and engineered skin grafts containing MSCs. Results: The results suggest that MSCs contribute significantly to wound healing through their ability to differentiate into different cell types and promote tissue repair by secreting growth factors and modulating inflammation. The use of exosomes and extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs shows promising results in transporting molecules to the wound site, improving healing outcomes. The studies also highlight the challenges of MSC-based therapies, such as long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness, which need to be further investigated. Conclusion: MSCs and their derivatives therapies can be an innovative approach in regenerative medicine. This potential could remarkably enhance patients quality of life and reduce the healthcare costs of chronic wounds. However, further studies and clinical trials are necessary to confirm the longterm efficacy and safety of these therapies.
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