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چکیده
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Introduction: Malaria is one of the important diseases transmitted by mosquitoes and kills thousands of people in the world every year. This disease is mainly observed in hot and humid climate areas where mosquitoes are active. Mosquitoes of the Culicoidea family and the Anopheles genus transmit this disease to humans. This disease has also been reported in some southern provinces of Iran. The purpose of this research was to investigate the trend and its relationship with some demographic indicators in Fars province. Methods: Demographic information and some risk factors of the affected people in Fars province (with the exception of Jahrom, Fasa, Larestan, Khafr) were obtained and analyzed from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services during the years 2014-2021. Results: Out of 379 positive samples, the most cases were reported in 2017 (21.90%) and the lowest in 2020 (4.49%). This disease is reported more in summer than other seasons, and the months of July (19.58%) and August (16.67%) were more than other months. The cities of Shiraz with 70.97%, Kazeroon with 9.23% and Ardakan with 4.74% have the most positive cases in Fars province. The incidence of the disease is higher in men (92.32%) than in women (7.67%). The highest rate of occupational contamination was among workers (82.32%). Most of the infected cases were related to Afghanestanian immigrants (90.50%). Conclusion: Temperature and Climatic conditions are the main factors related to the activity and increase in the Anopheles mosquito population, followed by an increase in the incidence of the disease. Cities with wet weather, rivers and ponds face more positives cases. Men and occupations working outdoors are more likely to come into contact with mosquitoes due to exposure to bites. Iran is one of the countries that has performed very well in Malaria control, however, considering the high proportion of reported cases of the disease in Afghans immigrants due to war conditions and other health problems, it can be concluded that the prevalence of malaria in Afghanistan and Pakistan is probably much higher than in Iran and probably due to the migration of people, the infection trend in Iran will also be affected. Also, the graph of the prevalence of malaria in Fars province shows that the rate of infection may be increasing and there is a need for more health controls.
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