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چکیده
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Groundwater is a renewable resource and has a remarkable distinction of being highly dependable, safe and widespread. In this study, chemical parameters including Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, K+, HCO-3, CO3-2, SO4-2, Cl- were analyzed as well as TDS, pH and electrical conductivity to establish quality characteristics of groundwater in Ghahavand plain which is located in Hamadan Province. The results showed that the Groundwater in the plain can be dominantly arranged as Na+>Ca2+>Mg2+>K+ and for anions and likewise it can be sorted as SO4-2>Cl->HCO3->CO32 for anions. Average pH for all wells is classified as moderate. Electrical conductivity indicated that the groundwater is marginal to highly saline in the central part. Most samples possess a sodium ratio of less than 60%. The Cl- concentration for irrigation purposes was suitable for five wells, moderate for ten wells and highly restricted for another five wells. Most samples had negative Schoeller index value, indicating the possibility of ion exchange of Ca2+ or Mg2+ in groundwater with Na+ and K+ in aquifer media. Based on Pearson correlation coefficients, all major cations and anions were positively correlated with TDS. These correlation coefficients are remarkable with higher range of 0.95 for Mg2+. The correlation of cations and anions with TDS is significant at 0.01 levels.
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