|
Abstract
|
In this study, hydantoin derivative 5-methyl-5-(4-pyridyl)hydantoin (HL) was covalently functionalized onto graphene oxide/magnetic graphene oxide nanosheets. The chemical structure of the functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets and the HL were characterized with FT-IR, XRD, EDS, TEM, UV–Vis, FE-SEM, 1H, and 13C NMR spectra. We demonstrate that the (GO/HL-Pd) and (NPs@GO/HL-Pd) compounds can act as efcient nano-catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction under aqueous and aerobic conditions in a short time. The efect of the concentration of the variable such as temperature, time, base, and nano-catalysts value on the performance of the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction was evaluated using statistical methods (DoE) for both synthesized nanocatalysts in a systematic sequential study. According to the results, the magnetized compound with iron nanoparticles has a higher catalytic activity. Therefore, the optimum point of the design involves a 3.3 ml solvent, 0.0175 mol% of NPs@GO/HL-Pd catalyst, 2.75 eq K2CO3, furthermore a 3.5 h reaction time, and reaction temperature of 77.5 °C. Optimal conditions lead to the maximum yield value. Furthermore, the as-prepared nano-catalysts can be easily recovered and reused after a catalysis reaction.
|