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Abstract
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Successful reproduction of the plants is assumed as a crucial challenge for meeting nutritional needs of growing human population. Obviously, the flowering and bolting processes are influenced by many genetic and physiological factors. Several main regulatory pathways and effective genes have been identified, so far. The agedependent phenomenon as an effective pathway of reproductive transition phase is influenced by the miR172 and miR156 genes. In the present study, after identification in the sugar beet genome, the miR156 gene was cloned into the over-expression construct. After the confirmation of transgenic plants, the transcript level of miR156 gene, and its target genes (SPL4 and SPL9) were evaluated in transgenic plants related to the control plants. Also, transgenic plants were studied in terms of flower phenotypic development, and root growth characteristics. The research revealed that overexpression of miR156 played an effective role in reduction of SPL4 and SPL9 genes' expression that resulted in flowering suppression in the Sea beet. According to the findings, it had also a suppression effect on the root growth in transgenic beets.
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