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Abstract
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Many civil and mining related rock structures (e.g. tunnel walls, excavation roofs and ribs, bridge abutments, dam and road foundations) are subjected to dynamic loading due to, for example, drilling and blasting, muck loading and mechanical excavation. Although it is clear that the mechanical properties of rock under dynamic loads differ dramatically from those under static loads, the nature of dynamic failure in rock remains unclear, especially in cyclic loading condition
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