INTRODUCTION The technology under discussion about deals with materials production in a different knowledge group due to their very small size: “nanotechnology.” The word “nano” comes from a unit of measurement meaning one billionth. In other words, in the metric system, it is 10–9 meters. Nanomaterials have a very small structure in the range of 1–100 nm, and this small size has differentiated their properties from bulk materials. These unique properties are related not only to their nanoscale size but also to their high surface area [1]. Their chemically reactive, optically active, and mechanically strong properties make them suitable for various applications [2]. Due to the extensive properties of nanomaterial, as mentioned earlier, these compounds are also widely used in different industries and have created profound and growing changes in various fields of science. Nanoparticles (NPs) can be made by breaking down the desired bulk materials or they can be synthesized by various chemical or biological methods [3]. The top-tobottom and bottom-to-up approaches refer to the above methods, respectively, which is quite a conceptual naming. However, the word “synthesis” is much more appropriate for the second method. The method of making NPs by breaking down bulk materials, in addition to the need for large equipment, requires a significant amount of energy [4]; furthermore, the surface structure of NPs is not sufficiently perfect in this method [5]. Since we know that many of the specific physical properties of NPs are due to their surface structure, their synthesis method is one of the building blocks of their properties. Unlike the previous method, the synthesis of nanomaterials through chemical systems is a fast and usable method for producing a wide range of nanomaterials. However, this method is not environmentally friendly and is associated with generating toxic and hazardous substances for the environment [6]. The last but newly developed method is the use of b
