BACKGROUND AND ABJECTIVE Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequent infectious diseases in human and can occur in all age groups. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) known as the main causative agent of this infection. Due to the different pattern of antibiotic resistance in E. coli isolated from different regions and different sources, it is necessary to study and check the antibiotic resistance profile of this bacterium. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of UPEC isolated from urine samples of patients with UTI referred to hospitals in Hamedan city using phenotypic and genotypic methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of 100 Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from the urine samples of patients with UTI referred to hospitals in Hamadan, Iran. The antibacterial susceptibility testing of UPEC isolates was done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method based on the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines (CLSI, 2021). In addition, the resistant isolates were examined by PCR for corresponding antibiotic resistance genes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this survey, 52 (52%) of UPEC isolates showed resistance to at least three antimicrobial families and were considered as the Multi-drug resistant (MDR). The highest resistance was against ampicillin (45%), tetracycline (40%), amoxicillin (51%) and Co-trimoxazole (55%) antibiotics. The most prevalent antibiotic resistance genes in UPEC strains were blaTEM (15.38%) and, tetA(15.38%) followed by sul1(13.46%) , qnrA(9.61%) , aadA(7.69%) , dfrA1-like(1.92%). CONCLUSION Overall, to minimize the occurrence and dispersion of MDR in UPEC strains and other bacteria, application of antimicrobial stewardship in UTI treatment, precise hygienic control and, prevention strategies are suggested as an essential tool
