In the present study the taxonomic status of the species belonging to Convolvulus L. sect. Serospinescentes BOISS. (Convolvulaceae) is presented using morphological characters of specimens from the authors’ expeditions and other herbarium collections. Most species of the section are endemic to Iran. C. sect. Serospinescentes is geographically restricted to the Oman Sea margin, S and SE Iran, NE Oman, Mediterranean Sea margin, NE Egypt, Palestine and Turkey. Two new taxa, C. bazmanensis RANJBAR, EZAZI & F.GHAHREM. and C. oxysepalus BOISS. subsp. neyrizensis RANJBAR & EZAZI, are described and illustrated. The former species is collected from Sistan and Baluchestan Province and the latter from Fars Province. C. virgatus subsp. subaphyllus BOISS. is reported as a new record for the flora of Iran. The subsection Serospinescentes is raised to the rank of Convolvulus sect. Serospinescentes. In addition, a taxonomic key, detailed morphometric descriptions, illustrations and distribution maps for all species of the section are provided. The conservation status of taxa is evaluated according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
