Despite an array of professional scholarship on second language (L2) acquisition (for useful overviews, see Gass and Mackey 2012; Herschensohn and Young-Scholten 2013), the area of second language processing (SLP) is missing a comprehensive foundational text. In Second Language Processing: An Introduction, Jiang contributes to our understanding of the emerging field of SLP research, reflects on its scope, and discusses the key themes and research practices in the SLP activity. Jian makes a valuable contribution to the field by laying the ground for establishing SLP as an important area of study for scholars seeking to better understand L2 cognition, calls for interdisciplinary research-informed practices to analyze processing strategies involved in phonological processing, lexical processing, and sentence processing, and demonstrates how diverse audiences can benefit from SLP research by drawing on a range of frameworks and research methods. This volume, through its 7 chapters, is an authoritative resource for second language scholars, applied linguists, psycholinguists, cognitive linguists, and researchers in human-machine communication and clinical audiology. The chapters suggest promising directions for further research and development in SLP areas.