Collisional orogenies are suitable sites for the occurrence of porphyry and epithermal deposits, and most Cenozoic porphyry deposits in the Tethyan Orogeny were formed in a back-arc, post-subduction, or collisional setting (Richards 2014). As part of the African-Arabian collision zone, the Iranian plateau is located in the central part of the 12,000 km Tethyan belt (Richards 2014), and hosts hundreds of porphyry and epithermal deposits. The occurrence of mineralization in Iran is affected by the opening and closing of large and small oceanic basins, such as the Neo-Tethys Ocean, which was formed in the early Permian-Triassic by the separation of the Cimmerian continental fragments from Gondwana. As the subcontinents moved northward, the Neo-Tethys oceanic basin experienced its maximum extension in the Jurassic (Stampili 2000). The collision of these subcontinents with the southern margin of Eurasia followed the decline of the Paleo- Tethys ocean. In the continuation of the fragmentation of Gondwana, other parts were separated from it in the form of African-Arabian continents, India and Australia. The collision of these subcontinents with Eurasia during the Late Cretaceous-Present (Alavi 1994), or Eocene (Ghasemi & Talbot, 2006), Oligocene (Karagharan Bafghi et al. 2012), or Miocene (Hassanzadeh 1993) ended the life of the Neo-Tethys ocean and the Alpine-Zagros-Himalaya orogenic belt was formed.
