A new mite species belonging to family Caligonellidae, Neognathus sinaeisp. nov., from western Iran (Mallayer vicinity, Hamedan province) is described and illustrated base on female and male from soil and litter under Russian olive trees, Elaeagnus angustifoliaL.: Elaeagnaceae. A key to adult females of the genus Neognathusis also provided based in original descriptions and literatures
