Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit a remarkable capacity for self-renewal and have the ability to differentiate into various cell types. The efficacy of MSCs in facilitating tissue repair and wound healing depends on their paracrine mechanisms. These stem cells accelerate wound closure, stimulate the formation of new blood vessels, reduce inflammatory responses in wounds, positively influence extracellular matrix, and remodeling overall regeneration. While cell therapy offers numerous benefits, it is important to address the various challenges associated with this approach, such as tumor formation and the risk of immune rejection. Methods: This study is a review study that searched scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar from 2016 to 2024 using the keywords wound healing, mesenchymal stem cell articles related to inclusion criteria were extracted and then analyzed. Results: The enhancement of stem cell capabilities through genetic modification has been studied in the context of wound healing. Cell-derived vesicles and exosomes play a crucial role in this context; exosomes have the ability to promote processes such as cell growth, movement, and the formation of new blood vessels in the healing environment. Conversely, scaffolds, matrices, and hydrogels create optimal environments that facilitate cell differentiation, proliferation and wound healing. Conclusion: Various substances such as platelet-rich plasma, growth factors, platelet lysate, exosomes, scaffolds, matrices, hydrogels, and especially cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recommended to improve wound healing.
