Sangar, an Urartian rock-cut tomb, and fortress are located near Maku, Northwestern Iran. In 1968, Kleiss recorded details of architectural remains of the fortress and the rock-cut tomb of Sangar. It is located at the edge of the Maku Plain, in an excellent strategic location, high on a protruding natural hill above an Awa-Joq river, thus controlling the entire plain around. Even less information is available from Sangar, an important Urartian fortress. Archaeological investigation at the site took place in summer 2017. The materials used in the construction of the fort consist of two different types of rocks. Basalt rocks have been elicited from the mines around the site. North of the fortress and limestone rocks have been cut from the bedrock of the site and used. Architectural remains; in the northern part, a limestone rock bed is used as part of the foundation of the outside wall. Two sides are supported by limestone blocks in squared shape which are available nearby and were built without mortar. The thickness of the walls is about 2.8- 3 m. Fortification walls were flanked with rectangular towers and buttresses. All structures were built of sundried mudbricks on high stone foundations. Fort was built based on the topographic condition of a natural hill, so it's not regular shape. In the north section, where the hill has a slight slope, preserved by two rectangular towers and buttresses. Two architectural periods were identified: Urartian and Islamic periods. We do not have much information about the time of abandonment and its cause. Like many places in the area, Sangar was resettled again in the medieval Islamic period and probably in the Qajar era.
